Read the whole thing before you sign, and ask about anything vague. These 12 clauses are where problems usually hide.

  1. Deliverables: exact formats, number, length, platforms and posting dates. "Content as required" is a red flag.
  2. Approvals: who approves, and how fast. Add "deemed approved if no feedback within X business days."
  3. Revisions: cap them, for example 2 rounds. Extra rounds are billable.
  4. Payment terms: amount, currency, due date (e.g. 30 days from invoice), and who pays transfer fees. In the EU, B2B terms over 60 days need to be expressly agreed and not grossly unfair (see article 16).
  5. Deposit and kill fee: a deposit up front, plus a fee if the brand cancels after you've started (e.g. 50% before shooting, 100% after delivery).
  6. Usage rights: channels, paid vs organic, territory and duration (see article 14).
  7. Exclusivity: named competitors, category and time period. Paid for, never assumed.
  8. Morality clause: what conduct lets them terminate? Ask for it to be mutual: you can exit if the brand has a scandal too.
  9. IP and ownership: prefer licensing over assignment. Check for clauses taking rights to your raw footage or your likeness.
  10. Termination: how either side can exit, notice period, and what you're paid for work already done.
  11. Late payment: interest and recovery costs. In the UK and EU these exist by law even if the contract is silent (see article 16).
  12. Compliance: who is responsible for disclosure and claims. You should get approved claims in writing. In France, contracts above a set threshold are mandatory and have required content.

Also check governing law and how disputes are handled, confidentiality, and whether you're allowed to show the work in your portfolio.